This urine test is used to determine copper levels. Copper is found in all tissues throughout the body, but is mostly found in the liver, muscles and bones. Copper plays a key role in the formation of red blood cells, bones, and connective tissue, as well as energy production and aiding antioxidants against free radicals in the body. Deficient copper levels can lead to: AnemiaFatigueDecreased white blood cell countOsteoporosis or nerve damageMuscle weakness and impaired coordinationNumbness or tingling in the limbsIrritability and depressionConfusionCopper levels that are too high can lead to: Wilson's disease, a liver condition in which excess copper does not leave the body as normal and results in liver damage from accumulationNauseaVomitingDiarrheaKidney damageInhibited urine productionLiver damage/cirrhosisAnemia from red blood cells rupturingDeathMajor dietary sources of copper include: Beef liverCashewsShellfishBlack-eyed peasVegetable juice Mushrooms CocoaCopper deficiency can be more prevalent in people who are: Taking zinc supplements because they can prevent the body from absorbing copperPremature infantsSuffering from malnutritionLiving with digestive/malabsorption disorders like Crohn's disease, celiac disease, or cystic fibrosisHave persistent diarrheaAre gastrointestinal surgery patientsMale infants who inherit Menkes syndrome
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